QuantileDiscretizer¶

class pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer(*, numBuckets: int = 2, inputCol: Optional[str] = None, outputCol: Optional[str] = None, relativeError: float = 0.001, handleInvalid: str = 'error', numBucketsArray: Optional[List[int]] = None, inputCols: Optional[List[str]] = None, outputCols: Optional[List[str]] = None)¶

QuantileDiscretizer takes a column with continuous features and outputs a column with binned categorical features. The number of bins can be set using the numBuckets parameter. It is possible that the number of buckets used will be less than this value, for example, if there are too few distinct values of the input to create enough distinct quantiles. Since 3.0.0, QuantileDiscretizer can map multiple columns at once by setting the inputCols parameter. If both of the inputCol and inputCols parameters are set, an Exception will be thrown. To specify the number of buckets for each column, the numBucketsArray parameter can be set, or if the number of buckets should be the same across columns, numBuckets can be set as a convenience.

Notes

NaN handling: Note also that QuantileDiscretizer will raise an error when it finds NaN values in the dataset, but the user can also choose to either keep or remove NaN values within the dataset by setting handleInvalid parameter. If the user chooses to keep NaN values, they will be handled specially and placed into their own bucket, for example, if 4 buckets are used, then non-NaN data will be put into buckets[0-3], but NaNs will be counted in a special bucket[4].

Algorithm: The bin ranges are chosen using an approximate algorithm (see the documentation for approxQuantile() for a detailed description). The precision of the approximation can be controlled with the relativeError parameter. The lower and upper bin bounds will be -Infinity and +Infinity, covering all real values.

Examples

>>> values = [(0.1,), (0.4,), (1.2,), (1.5,), (float("nan"),), (float("nan"),)]
>>> df1 = spark.createDataFrame(values, ["values"])
>>> qds1 = QuantileDiscretizer(inputCol="values", outputCol="buckets")
>>> qds1.setNumBuckets(2)
QuantileDiscretizer...
>>> qds1.setRelativeError(0.01)
QuantileDiscretizer...
>>> qds1.setHandleInvalid("error")
QuantileDiscretizer...
>>> qds1.getRelativeError()
0.01
>>> bucketizer = qds1.fit(df1)
>>> qds1.setHandleInvalid("keep").fit(df1).transform(df1).count()
6
>>> qds1.setHandleInvalid("skip").fit(df1).transform(df1).count()
4
>>> splits = bucketizer.getSplits()
>>> splits[0]
-inf
>>> print("%2.1f" % round(splits[1], 1))
0.4
>>> bucketed = bucketizer.transform(df1).head()
>>> bucketed.buckets
0.0
>>> quantileDiscretizerPath = temp_path + "/quantile-discretizer"
>>> qds1.save(quantileDiscretizerPath)
>>> loadedQds = QuantileDiscretizer.load(quantileDiscretizerPath)
>>> loadedQds.getNumBuckets() == qds1.getNumBuckets()
True
>>> inputs = [(0.1, 0.0), (0.4, 1.0), (1.2, 1.3), (1.5, 1.5),
...     (float("nan"), float("nan")), (float("nan"), float("nan"))]
>>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame(inputs, ["input1", "input2"])
>>> qds2 = QuantileDiscretizer(relativeError=0.01, handleInvalid="error", numBuckets=2,
...     inputCols=["input1", "input2"], outputCols=["output1", "output2"])
>>> qds2.getRelativeError()
0.01
>>> qds2.setHandleInvalid("keep").fit(df2).transform(df2).show()
+------+------+-------+-------+
|input1|input2|output1|output2|
+------+------+-------+-------+
|   0.1|   0.0|    0.0|    0.0|
|   0.4|   1.0|    1.0|    1.0|
|   1.2|   1.3|    1.0|    1.0|
|   1.5|   1.5|    1.0|    1.0|
|   NaN|   NaN|    2.0|    2.0|
|   NaN|   NaN|    2.0|    2.0|
+------+------+-------+-------+
...
>>> qds3 = QuantileDiscretizer(relativeError=0.01, handleInvalid="error",
...      numBucketsArray=[5, 10], inputCols=["input1", "input2"],
...      outputCols=["output1", "output2"])
>>> qds3.setHandleInvalid("skip").fit(df2).transform(df2).show()
+------+------+-------+-------+
|input1|input2|output1|output2|
+------+------+-------+-------+
|   0.1|   0.0|    1.0|    1.0|
|   0.4|   1.0|    2.0|    2.0|
|   1.2|   1.3|    3.0|    3.0|
|   1.5|   1.5|    4.0|    4.0|
+------+------+-------+-------+
...

Methods

`clear`(param)	Clears a param from the param map if it has been explicitly set.
`copy`([extra])	Creates a copy of this instance with the same uid and some extra params.
`explainParam`(param)	Explains a single param and returns its name, doc, and optional default value and user-supplied value in a string.
`explainParams`()	Returns the documentation of all params with their optionally default values and user-supplied values.
`extractParamMap`([extra])	Extracts the embedded default param values and user-supplied values, and then merges them with extra values from input into a flat param map, where the latter value is used if there exist conflicts, i.e., with ordering: default param values < user-supplied values < extra.
`fit`(dataset[, params])	Fits a model to the input dataset with optional parameters.
`fitMultiple`(dataset, paramMaps)	Fits a model to the input dataset for each param map in paramMaps.
`getHandleInvalid`()	Gets the value of handleInvalid or its default value.
`getInputCol`()	Gets the value of inputCol or its default value.
`getInputCols`()	Gets the value of inputCols or its default value.
`getNumBuckets`()	Gets the value of numBuckets or its default value.
`getNumBucketsArray`()	Gets the value of numBucketsArray or its default value.
`getOrDefault`(param)	Gets the value of a param in the user-supplied param map or its default value.
`getOutputCol`()	Gets the value of outputCol or its default value.
`getOutputCols`()	Gets the value of outputCols or its default value.
`getParam`(paramName)	Gets a param by its name.
`getRelativeError`()	Gets the value of relativeError or its default value.
`hasDefault`(param)	Checks whether a param has a default value.
`hasParam`(paramName)	Tests whether this instance contains a param with a given (string) name.
`isDefined`(param)	Checks whether a param is explicitly set by user or has a default value.
`isSet`(param)	Checks whether a param is explicitly set by user.
`load`(path)	Reads an ML instance from the input path, a shortcut of read().load(path).
`read`()	Returns an MLReader instance for this class.
`save`(path)	Save this ML instance to the given path, a shortcut of ‘write().save(path)’.
`set`(param, value)	Sets a parameter in the embedded param map.
`setHandleInvalid`(value)	Sets the value of `handleInvalid`.
`setInputCol`(value)	Sets the value of `inputCol`.
`setInputCols`(value)	Sets the value of `inputCols`.
`setNumBuckets`(value)	Sets the value of `numBuckets`.
`setNumBucketsArray`(value)	Sets the value of `numBucketsArray`.
`setOutputCol`(value)	Sets the value of `outputCol`.
`setOutputCols`(value)	Sets the value of `outputCols`.
`setParams`(self, \*[, numBuckets, inputCol, …])	Set the params for the QuantileDiscretizer
`setRelativeError`(value)	Sets the value of `relativeError`.
`write`()	Returns an MLWriter instance for this ML instance.

Attributes

`handleInvalid`
`inputCol`
`inputCols`
`numBuckets`
`numBucketsArray`
`outputCol`
`outputCols`
`params`	Returns all params ordered by name.
`relativeError`

Methods Documentation

clear(param: pyspark.ml.param.Param) → None¶: Clears a param from the param map if it has been explicitly set.

copy(extra: Optional[ParamMap] = None) → JP¶

Creates a copy of this instance with the same uid and some extra params. This implementation first calls Params.copy and then make a copy of the companion Java pipeline component with extra params. So both the Python wrapper and the Java pipeline component get copied.

Parameters

extradict, optional: Extra parameters to copy to the new instance

Returns

JavaParams: Copy of this instance

explainParam(param: Union[str, pyspark.ml.param.Param]) → str¶: Explains a single param and returns its name, doc, and optional default value and user-supplied value in a string.

explainParams() → str¶: Returns the documentation of all params with their optionally default values and user-supplied values.

extractParamMap(extra: Optional[ParamMap] = None) → ParamMap¶

Extracts the embedded default param values and user-supplied values, and then merges them with extra values from input into a flat param map, where the latter value is used if there exist conflicts, i.e., with ordering: default param values < user-supplied values < extra.

Parameters

extradict, optional: extra param values

Returns

dict: merged param map

fit(dataset: pyspark.sql.dataframe.DataFrame, params: Union[ParamMap, List[ParamMap], Tuple[ParamMap], None] = None) → Union[M, List[M]]¶

Fits a model to the input dataset with optional parameters.

Parameters

datasetpyspark.sql.DataFrame: input dataset.
paramsdict or list or tuple, optional: an optional param map that overrides embedded params. If a list/tuple of param maps is given, this calls fit on each param map and returns a list of models.

Returns

Transformer or a list of Transformer: fitted model(s)

fitMultiple(dataset: pyspark.sql.dataframe.DataFrame, paramMaps: Sequence[ParamMap]) → Iterator[Tuple[int, M]]¶

Fits a model to the input dataset for each param map in paramMaps.

Parameters

datasetpyspark.sql.DataFrame: input dataset.
paramMapscollections.abc.Sequence: A Sequence of param maps.

Returns

_FitMultipleIterator: A thread safe iterable which contains one model for each param map. Each call to next(modelIterator) will return (index, model) where model was fit using paramMaps[index]. index values may not be sequential.

getHandleInvalid() → str¶: Gets the value of handleInvalid or its default value.

getInputCol() → str¶: Gets the value of inputCol or its default value.

getInputCols() → List[str]¶: Gets the value of inputCols or its default value.

getNumBuckets() → int¶: Gets the value of numBuckets or its default value.

getNumBucketsArray() → List[int]¶: Gets the value of numBucketsArray or its default value.

getOrDefault(param: Union[str, pyspark.ml.param.Param[T]]) → Union[Any, T]¶: Gets the value of a param in the user-supplied param map or its default value. Raises an error if neither is set.

getOutputCol() → str¶: Gets the value of outputCol or its default value.

getOutputCols() → List[str]¶: Gets the value of outputCols or its default value.

getParam(paramName: str) → pyspark.ml.param.Param ¶: Gets a param by its name.

getRelativeError() → float¶: Gets the value of relativeError or its default value.

hasDefault(param: Union[str, pyspark.ml.param.Param[Any]]) → bool¶: Checks whether a param has a default value.

hasParam(paramName: str) → bool¶: Tests whether this instance contains a param with a given (string) name.

isDefined(param: Union[str, pyspark.ml.param.Param[Any]]) → bool¶: Checks whether a param is explicitly set by user or has a default value.

isSet(param: Union[str, pyspark.ml.param.Param[Any]]) → bool¶: Checks whether a param is explicitly set by user.

classmethod load(path: str) → RL¶: Reads an ML instance from the input path, a shortcut of read().load(path).

classmethod read() → pyspark.ml.util.JavaMLReader[RL]¶: Returns an MLReader instance for this class.

save(path: str) → None¶: Save this ML instance to the given path, a shortcut of ‘write().save(path)’.

set(param: pyspark.ml.param.Param, value: Any) → None¶: Sets a parameter in the embedded param map.

setHandleInvalid(value: str) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of handleInvalid.

setInputCol(value: str) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of inputCol.

setInputCols(value: List[str]) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of inputCols.

setNumBuckets(value: int) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of numBuckets.

setNumBucketsArray(value: List[int]) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of numBucketsArray.

setOutputCol(value: str) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of outputCol.

setOutputCols(value: List[str]) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of outputCols.

setParams(self, \*, numBuckets=2, inputCol=None, outputCol=None, relativeError=0.001, handleInvalid="error", numBucketsArray=None, inputCols=None, outputCols=None)¶: Set the params for the QuantileDiscretizer

setRelativeError(value: float) → pyspark.ml.feature.QuantileDiscretizer ¶: Sets the value of relativeError.

write() → pyspark.ml.util.JavaMLWriter¶: Returns an MLWriter instance for this ML instance.

Attributes Documentation

handleInvalid: pyspark.ml.param.Param[str] = Param(parent='undefined', name='handleInvalid', doc="how to handle invalid entries. Options are skip (filter out rows with invalid values), error (throw an error), or keep (keep invalid values in a special additional bucket). Note that in the multiple columns case, the invalid handling is applied to all columns. That said for 'error' it will throw an error if any invalids are found in any columns, for 'skip' it will skip rows with any invalids in any columns, etc.")¶

inputCol = Param(parent='undefined', name='inputCol', doc='input column name.')¶

inputCols = Param(parent='undefined', name='inputCols', doc='input column names.')¶

numBuckets: pyspark.ml.param.Param[int] = Param(parent='undefined', name='numBuckets', doc='Maximum number of buckets (quantiles, or categories) into which data points are grouped. Must be >= 2.')¶

numBucketsArray: pyspark.ml.param.Param[List[int]] = Param(parent='undefined', name='numBucketsArray', doc='Array of number of buckets (quantiles, or categories) into which data points are grouped. This is for multiple columns input. If transforming multiple columns and numBucketsArray is not set, but numBuckets is set, then numBuckets will be applied across all columns.')¶

outputCol = Param(parent='undefined', name='outputCol', doc='output column name.')¶

outputCols = Param(parent='undefined', name='outputCols', doc='output column names.')¶

params¶: Returns all params ordered by name. The default implementation uses dir() to get all attributes of type Param.

relativeError = Param(parent='undefined', name='relativeError', doc='the relative target precision for the approximate quantile algorithm. Must be in the range [0, 1]')¶

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